Inclinometer and level



Sept 1. 1925.

E. F. lcsoBATrly INCLINOMETER' AND LEVEL,

Sem 1,1925. E. F. GOBATT| 1,552,141

INCLINOMETER AND \LEVEL Filed nay 2o, 1924 n 'shuts-sheet, l2'

Sept. 1, 1925.-

E. F. GOBATTI INCLINOMETER AND LEVEL -Filed May 20, 1924 3 Sheets-Slack 3 Patented Sept. 1, 19245,

EDM-wm' comme? onfrmm-corommo 'monitor/LETER im To aZ'ZtoLom it may @omer/n.' i f Be it lnioWn-th'atEDMUND F. ,Gonnr'rn al citizen of the United States: of; Aifnei'ic'zig residing at Pueblo, in..I the countyofPueblo and State of" Colora-do, llas inv'entedfnew and usefulv Improvements in VInclinjonn'eters and Levels,4 of VWliicl'r tlijeffol'lowiiigr 2v specification. l

vThe present invention; has for jitsjpurpo'se t o.plrov i :l`e,vl in an inclinoniet'erzind ley' ','a construction includingV niea'ns:l fo': inea'siir; ing inelinesr in degrees endn1-inutes. nd lso means1 vfor levelingiwlls. const'ructfed1 of brick or other masonry);andbeainskstiid ding` andi the like; i S i Another purpose. isto VprovideA an instru Y nient' of thisv character proVided Witl1 means for mounting anincliiiation: measuring device in the bodyof the.y instrument, lssi-id, def vice comprising a, Weighteddiel graduttedjiii degrees and. minute subdivisions,- so: mounted inftlie body oftheinstrument thatWlien the instrument is. engaged' with. a sunfce eXctly level, tbefcipherv attire V'top ofthe dial-Wili" register with an indicator, crriedby theV body` of the instrumenmland in oase tlie Lsur;-

' face ons whiclifthe.instrunientlengages, isilr? clined in either direction, theV graduatioiie. on= theV dial Willcooperatefwith the indicator, givingv they degree ofa'ngle. It is' obvious that the instrument may,l be used for' asf; certaini'ng tlie: inclination off a: `studifrelti-.g tive to e. perpendicular bydisposing the in@ strumenti adj acent' to the Stud", in wlicli case" y the dial will cooperate with anotlier i'nj dicator carriedby Varfplateon Whiclithe dialf isrpartlyf supported. n

Stillanother purpose. is tofprovid'e duin?` clinonoeterv and ,level including ai. body pro.- videdv WithY means .for supporting two, Spi-rit' levels,; one: for levelinglioriontall surfecesand the. other' tor plumb an. object,V peripelirl dicujlarly toA- a; horizontal'surfrceg there; being; meansl fory retaining the. spirit 4kwelholding?` rings in the body of the ,.instiunient, WhereeA by thev rin frsJnaybedisposed in .different po; sitions;y ither' of(l the spiritlevels max. usedfy for; vlevelingqhorizontgilsurieesr A furtherf purpose is tlie'lpmvisiomoi an. inolinometer and levelr--cornpn1$inge nf., 01udng-apluraltyf Sectipnoanfvpterme f aief auditivo @nid Sed/.ione with-fingen@ for "tlilel appdrjtus bcording; tor t-liie.c'irciinii in drawings and.

showing a plate secured by screws thereto, there being one on each side thereof, the plate having engraved thereon the rise per foot for each degree, from one to twentyfour degrees.

Figure 15 is a View in elevation of a portion of one side of the section 3 of the inclinometer with a plate similar to lthat sho-wn in Figure 14, there being one of said plates on each side of the section, the plate being provided with the rise per foot for each degree, from twenty-live to forty-live degrees.

Referring to the drawings, 1 designates the inclinometer and level as ay whole, the same comprising the intermediate section 2 and the two end sections 3 and 4, the former being tothe left of the section 2 and the latter to the right of the intermediate section. The several sections may be constructed of any suitable material, p-referably aluminum, and are of web construction and the intermediate section in its web is provided with a depressed seat or cavity 5 lfor the reception of the dial v6 which is provided with graduations 7 in degrees and minutes.

The dial 6 has a weight 8 secured thereto by means of set-screws 9 which engage through slots 10 of the weight and are threaded into the dial 6. This weight extends across the center of the dial willich is mounted on a relatively hard polished steel shaft 11 which passes through the dial and weight. In fact, the shaft is mounted upon jeweled bearings, the larger end of the weight depending below the shaft so that, lwhen a surface is exactlyrlevel, the lcipher at the top of the dial will register with an indicator. The jeweled 4bearings permit the v dial to freely balance in the depressed seat v which is mounted in the depressed seat or cavity. The 'cylindrical wallk of the depressed seat orcavity at diametric'ally op-Y posite points has recesses 13 for the reception or ribs or projections 14at diametrically opposite positions .on the webfplate 12 which has diametrically opposite enlarged openings 15. The interior ofthe kcylindrical wall of the web plate has radial projections 16 which are connected by a relatively line wire indicator 17 with which the graduations on the dial cooperate for measuring the angle of an inclination.

The web plate 12 at a position dat right angles to the'wire indicator' is provided with a segmental opening 18, there being adjacent graduations 19 in degrees so that, when the inclinometer Vis used in a perpendicular position for measuring the tilt of an upright, stud or similar object, the degree graduations on the dial will cooperate with those on the web plate. The web plate is also mounted in the depressed seat or cavity on a'shoulder 20 intermediate theJ bottom of the depressed seat or cavity and the counterbored portion of the cavity. A glass 21 of circular form rests upon the web `plate and the dial, together with the web plate and the glass, are retained in the depressed seat or cavity by means of a retaining ring 22 which is threaded into the counterbored portion of the seat or cavity and is knurled, as shown at 23, to permit the ring to be easily screwed home and out of engagement with the wall of the seat.

The oppositev end portions of the section 2 of the inclinometer on the web portion thereof is provided with tables of figures showing the rise in 12 inches per single degree vup to` 12 degrees Yand in degrees and minutes per even inches from 3 `inches up to 12 inches or 45 degrees. In using the instrument when measuring an inclination which causes the dial to register 1 degree, the rise of the angle is 1,3/64 of an inch per foot and if the inclination covers 2 degrees, the rise of the angle will be 27 /64 of an inchV per foot and if the inclination covers I 18 degrees and 26 minutes the rise of the' angle will be 4 inches to the foot and if the dial registers 45 degrees, the rise of the angle will be 12 inches to the foot. All of @these tables and others will be found upon the web portion of the section 2 of the instrument, or upon plates 60 secured by screws 61 upon opposite sides of the sections 8 and 4.

The opposite ends of the section 2 of the instrument are provided with arcuate depressions 24, there being lateral recesses 25 forvthe reception of the Shanks of the bolts 26. The bolts have eyes 27 which are pivotally mounted upon pivot shafts 28, certain ends of which are threadedat'29 into cavities of the adjacent ends of the sections 3 and 4 of the instrument; The pivot shafts extend transversely of certain of the recesses 25 formed in the ends of the sections 3 and 4. Thel adjacent ends of the sections 3 and 4 havek arcuate Vdepressions 31 similar to the depressions 24 and adjacent the depressions 24 and 31, theadjacent ends of the sections 2, 3 and4 are provided with cavities 32 for the receptionof dowel vpins 33 which hold the sections 2, 3 and`4 in alignment. Thumb nuts 34 are threaded upon the bolts 26 and bear upon the end vedges of the walls of the recesses 25, that is, when the bolts 26 are engaged with the recesses 25 and extend iti and 4f'connected andins'nring"rigidity. The dovvll pins'y 7prevent lturning' of oneI section relative'k to the others.' l

t' Willbe notedfchatv the" end portions-of the" sections 3' and 4' of the instrument 'have' openings/315, the" end' vva'l'lsoflvvhi'ch have recesses 36` 'ivhichjre'ceive the ends .ofthe' bolts 26, thatis, when'tli'ey are disengaged fronftlierefcsses 25fand moved as "exi: tending" longitudinally of the yo'pe'iiings`- 3 5. lVhenjthebolt's' areso` disposed, thethumb n'uts 341are reversed until" they engajg'efth-e endxvalls 'Which'have the openin'gsj'36,there# by; 'retaining the boltsagainst displacement, avoiding rattling Eth'reof. Furthermore, WhenV the bolts ares'o" disposed, zthe several sections 2, 3V4 and'A 4 may"be"arranged'A parallel and adjacent eacliVv other-1in asmallcompass, permitting them't'obe 'disposed ina bok or other container Whennt in' use or during transportation. Tlieterminals of the'bolts 26 1h ave transverse pins 37 which prevent` the thumb"- nuts from ventirely disengaging. from t'hepbolts,fthereby l`aioidin'g .loss thereof.

'lfla'cli'o'fv the sections 3 and 4' has'dcircu'lar openings `38 and for the reception of spirit level holders v4O1ndv 41. .The holders '40, and ,4lfar'e`v of" ri form and have radial AWebs 42"'througli which"diametrically oppol site' cylindrical V'openin"gs, 43y arev'formed. These 'openings receive" spirit]y levels 44 'and 45,`th'e` former being'usedifor leveling horizontal surfaces ivhile'ithelatlterl isiifsedfor VdisposingV uprights, studs"v andV the l,lile"perpendicularly. Suitable s'ctfs'c'revvs 14 ,tl'fand 47 are threaded through the bodies of' the' sec'- t'ions 3and 4"and` engage vvitlt'he' radial Webs 42 for the purpose of retaining :the spirit level holders in position. Obviously, the positions of the spirit level holders may be changed. In other Words, the holder carrying the level 44 may be disposed toposition the level 44 for disposing studs and uprights perpendicularly While the other holder may be changed so that the spiritA level 45 may be used for leveling horizontal surfaces.

The remote ends of the section 3 and 4 of the inclinometer and level have openings 48 and disposed therein are plumb bobs 49. The opposite ends of the openings 48 have sockets 50 and 5l, the former lreceiving' plumb bob retainers 52 While the latter receive dowel members 53, there being setscreivs 54 threaded in the remote ends of the 'sections 3 and 4 for bearing against the doWel members for the purpose of retaining the plumb bobs in position. The retainers 52 have depressions 55 in their heads for the reduced ends of the plumb bobs which have transverse openings 56 and axial passages or openings 57 merging into the openings 56. Wires or cords 58 pass through the openings or passages 57 and are knotted, as shown, the knots being located in the when" linscfe'wing) the' set-'screws and thereby ibestniagthe faeweriaembefsfbeiow the steek of` the seotions'ffandi'l, y"so that tliei pointed ends'of the plumbv bobs are free' to iidve, t-l1e"`plumb4 bobs may be "employed for p iimblii'g an object, especially 'vvhentlielin clinoi'reter and vle've'lfi's disposed "in a '-"per-v pendiriilarpositin. f v.

The invention I li'a'v'inglbeen set forth, what' isclaimedis:4 y. n '1. InV `an^ihclin`ometer and levl, an` strunfeiit* body having a? cavity, iafpendulnrh dial inouted' therein:` and provi-'ded vvitli graduations in degrees landl rininutesy thereof, an indicator Withfvihi'ch the 'gitaduatibiisiiir degrees' Cooperate: forme'a'suring an inclinati'on, ineahs r yincluding 'a'- pla-te l and j'evveld bearings forl mounting" the dial in 'tlieL cav;V ity, said pl'atcj havinganl indicator p'`n ing, and: adjacent graduations* i'nflpositions at right angles-.to jtl'iefindicatfor forl meas# uringftlietilt of"astandard". ,y Y "2.- ,"I'n'L an inclinoii'ieterandflvel, afblo'ol'v provided with a Cavity; a dislocated' in said cavity for Zfree`rocking?movements and providedv ,With 'graduations inV degrees' and minutes thea-3911,,jaa-indicator "with which the graduations cooperate for nie'ashi-ing fan inclinationLa pendulum Weight forthe'dial including means for adjiistiiigl'tlie' 'Weight reflativev tro'fth'e dial to yinsure', that the: gad'iv T ations accurately' register ivit'h" the indicator vvhn: measuring' a level i surface, y means includiiigfa plate and'j "eiveled beangs l'for iiiount'ing the Vdial inthe cavity,"s`aid 'plate having indicator'opening, and "adjacent graduations ink positions `at right'angles to the indicator for measuring the tilt of a standard.

3. In an inclinometer and level, an instru ment body having a cavity, a pendulum dial mounted therein and provided With gradua tions in degrees and minutes thereof, an indicator with which the graduations in degrees cooperate for measuring an inclination, means including a plate and jeWeled bearings for mounting the dial in the cavity, said plate having an indicator opening, and adjacent graduations in positions at right angles to the indicator for measuring the tilt of a standard, the body of the instrument upon opposite portions thereof having tables giving the measurements of inclinations according to the angle thereof.

4. In an inclinometer and level, a body provided With a cavity, a dial located in said cavity for free rocking movements and provided With graduations in degrees and minutes thereof, an indicato-r With which the graduations cooperate for measuring an inclination, a pendulum Weight for the dial including means for adjusting the Weight re'lative to the dial to insure that the grad nations Vaccurately register With the indicator when measuring a level surface, means including a plate and jeweled bearings for mounting the dial in the cavity, said plate having an indicator opening, and adjacent graduatioiis in positions at right angles to the indicator for measuring the tilt of a standard, the body of the instrument upon opposite portions thereof having tables giving the measurements of inclinations according to the angle thereof.

5. In an inclinometer and level, the coinbination With an instrument body provided with a circular depression, of a dial provided vvith graduations in degrees and minutes thereof in said depression, a pendulum member on the dial, a iveb plate including jeweled bearings for mounting the dial, one bearing being carried by the bottom of the depression, the other carried by the Web plate, an indicator carried by the Web plate with Which the graduations of the dial cooperate for measuring the angle of an inclination, said Web plate having an indicator opening ata location at right angles to the indicator With graduations whereby the body may be disposed perpendicularly for measuring the tilt of an upright, a glass covering the Web plate, and means for retaining the glass, Web plate and dial in said depression.

6. In an inclinometer and level, the combination With an instrument bodyprovided with a circular depression, of a dial provided With graduations in degrees and minutes thereof in said depression, a pendulum member on the dial, a Web plate including jeWeled bearings for mounting the dial, one bearing being ycarried by the bottom of the depression, the other carried by the web plate, an indicator carried by the Web plate With Which the graduatioiis of the dial cooperate for measuring the angle of an inclination, said Web plate having an indicator opening at a location at right angles to the indicator With graduations Whereby the body may be disposed perpendicularly for measuring the tilt of an upright', a glass covering the Web plate, and means for retaining the glass, Web plate and dial in said depression, the body of the instrument upon opposite portions thereof having tables giving the measurements in inches according to the angle thereof.

7 In an iiiclinoineter and level, an instrument body composed of complemental intermediate and end sections arranged end to end in alignment, means for separably coupling` the adjacent ends of the sections whereby, upon disconnecting the ends, the sections may be disposed parallel and adjacent each other in a small compass, said coupling means comprising pivots, the adjacent endscf the sections having recesses, bolts engaging said recesses and provided With eyes at certain of their ends and.

through Which the pivots pass, thumb nuts on the bolts for retaining the sections coupled, means for preventing twistingy action of one section relative to the other, and means for retaining the bolts in collapsed positions Within the end sections and preventing them from rattling When the sections are arranged adjacent and parallel with each other.

In testimony vvliereof he affixes his signature.

EDMUND F. GOBATTI. 

